exception specification

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

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Utilities library

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Regular expressions library (C++11)

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C++ language

 

Exceptions

throw-expression

function-try-block

try/catch block

noexcept specifier(C++11)

noexcept operator(C++11)

exception-specification(deprecated)

 

Lists the exceptions that a function might directly or indirectly throw.

Syntax

throw(typeid, typeid, ...)		(deprecated)

Explanation

If a function is declared with type T listed in its exception specification, the function may throw exceptions of that type or a type derived from it.

Incomplete types, pointers or references to incomplete types other than cv void*, and rvalue reference types are not allowed in the exception specification. Array and function types, if used, are adjusted to corresponding pointer types.

If the function throws an exception of the type not listed in its exception specification, the function std::unexpected is called. The default function calls std::terminate, but it may be replaced by a user-provided function (via std::set_unexpected) which may call std::terminate or throw an exception. If the exception thrown from std::unexpected is accepted by the exception specification, stack unwinding continues as usual. If it isn't, but std::bad_exception is allowed by the exception specification, std::bad_exception is thrown. Otherwise, std::terminate is called.

Example

Run this code

class X {};
class Y {};
class Z : public X {};
class W {};
 
void f() throw(X, Y) 
{
    int n = 0;
    if (n) throw X(); // OK
    if (n) throw Z(); // also OK
    throw W(); // will call std::unexpected()
}

See also

• noexcept specifier