C++ concepts: Container

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

Concepts

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

 

C++ concepts

Basic
DefaultConstructible CopyAssignable CopyConstructible	MoveAssignable (C++11) MoveConstructible (C++11) Destructible
Library-Wide
EqualityComparable LessThanComparable Swappable (C++11) ValueSwappable (C++11)	NullablePointer (C++11) Hash (C++11) Allocator
Container
Container SequenceContainer ReversibleContainer	AssociativeContainer AllocatorAwareContainer UnorderedAssociativeContainer (C++11)
Container Elements
CopyInsertable (C++11) MoveInsertable (C++11)	EmplaceConstructible (C++11)
Iterator
Iterator OutputIterator InputIterator	ForwardIterator BidirectionalIterator RandomAccessIterator
Stream I/O
FormattedInputFunction UnformattedInputFunction	FormattedOutputFunction UnformattedOutputFunction
Random Numbers
SeedSequence (C++11) RandomNumberEngine (C++11)	RandomNumberDistribution (C++11) UniformRandomNumberGenerator (C++11) RandomNumberEngineAdaptor (C++11)
Concurrency
BasicLockable (C++11) Lockable (C++11) TimedLockable (C++11)	Mutex (C++11) TimedMutex (C++11) SharedMutex (C++14)
Other
CharTraits pos_type off_type Clock (C++11) BitmaskType	UnaryTypeTrait (C++11) BinaryTypeTrait (C++11) TransformationTrait (C++11) TrivialClock (C++11) LiteralType (C++11)

 

A Container is an object used to store other objects and taking care of the management of the memory used by the objects it contains.

Requirements

• C Container type
• T Element type
• a, b Objects of type C

Types

name	type	notes
value_type	T	Destructible
reference	T&
const_reference	const T&
iterator	iterator pointing to T	ForwardIterator convertible to const_iterator
const_iterator	const iterator pointing to T	ForwardIterator
difference_type	signed integer	must be the same as iterator_traits::difference_type for iterator and const_iterator
size_type	unsigned integer	large enough to represent all positive values of difference_type

Methods and operators

expression	return type	semantics	conditions	complexity
C()	C	Creates an empty container	Post: C().empty() == true	Constant
C(a)	C	Create a copy of a	Pre: T must be CopyInsertable Post: a == C(a)	Linear
a = b	C&	All elements of a are destroyed or move assigned to elements of b	Post: a == b	Linear
(&a)->~C()	void	Destroy all elements and free all memory		Linear
a.begin()	(const_)iterator	Iterator to the first element		Constant
a.end()	(const_)iterator	Iterator to one passed the last element		Constant
a.cbegin()(since C++11)	const_iterator	const_cast<const C&>(a).begin()		Constant
a.cend()(since C++11)	const_iterator	const_cast<const C&>(a).end()		Constant
a == b	convertible to bool	std::equal(a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), b.end())(since C++14)	Pre: T must be EqualityComparable	Constant if a.size() != b.size(), linear otherwise
a != b	convertible to bool	!(a==b)		Linear
a.swap(b)	void	exchanges the values of a and b		Constant
swap(a,b)	void	a.swap(b)		Constant
a.size()	size_type	distance(a.begin(),a.end())		Constant
a.max_size()	size_type	b.size() where b is the largest possible container		Constant
a.empty()	convertible to bool	a.begin() == a.end()		Constant
notes

Given i and j, objects of a container's iterator type, In the expressions i == j, i != j, i < j, i <= j, i >= j, i > j, i - j, either or both may be replaced by an object of the container's const_iterator type referring to the same element with no change in semantics.

(since C++14)

Container data races

see container thread safety

Other concepts

C

• DefaultConstructible
• CopyConstructible
• EqualityComparable
• Swappable

T

• CopyInsertable
• EqualityComparable
• Destructible